The book “Why There is Evil in the World? Mulla Sadra’s Theodicy” explores the problem of theodicy from an Islamic philosophical perspective, focusing on the thoughts of Mulla Sadra, a major philosopher in the Islamic tradition. The book begins by addressing the problem of evil, a central issue in monotheistic religions, particularly in how these religions uphold the concept of a loving and omnipotent God in the face of the existence of evil in the world. The author delves into how Mulla Sadra attempts to provide answers to this issue by integrating elements of Peripatetic and Illuminationist philosophy, mysticism, and Shiite theology, all grounded in the teachings of the Quran and Hadith.

In this book, the author explains how Mulla Sadra discusses the problem of evil through his philosophical concepts, such as the flowing existence and substantial motion. Mulla Sadra argues that evil is not something essential but rather accidental, and it is a part of the soul’s journey towards perfection. The book also explores Mulla Sadra’s view on the creation of the world, which he considers to be the best possible world despite containing evil. Through a deep analysis, the author emphasizes that Mulla Sadra’s thought offers a unique and comprehensive view on understanding and explaining the existence of evil in the world without sacrificing the belief in God’s om- nibenevolent and omnipotent nature.